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Years ago, a heritage train was driving and they believe, due to the poster-duke-blue-devils-mens-basketball-win-85-65-alabama-final-score-2025-final-four-san-antonio-t-shirt-mens-t-shirtzw in other words I will buy this sanding, it did not reliably trip the signal circuitry, and another train hit it from behind, so now all of our trains have sanders, and de-sanders. Depends on the locomotive. Road (long distance) locomotives have way more equipment than the stuff used to build trains. We have fully equipped road units that have both sanders and de sanders for the mountains and units with only sand for the prairies. Nerd is a term of endearment around these parts, wear it like a badge of honor and thanks for sharing the extra information! It’s sifted, dried, and there’s a small amount of a de clumping agent. We use a shit load of it so it’s the cheap stuff. Same reason we use borate water for cooling: ethylene glycol is expensive.

poster-duke-blue-devils-mens-basketball-win-85-65-alabama-final-score-2025-final-four-san-antonio-t-shirt-mens-t-shirtzw: get your shirt now

So is this why there’s not a ton of sand all over the poster-duke-blue-devils-mens-basketball-win-85-65-alabama-final-score-2025-final-four-san-antonio-t-shirt-mens-t-shirtzw in other words I will buy this tracks? It’s only used when necessary unlike how op words it? (Honestly asking) It gets crushed into fine powder by the wheels and then subsequently run over by an entire train. You can see a very thin layer on the rail after application but it’s basically dust so it ends up just dissipating into the ballast or blowing/washing into the surrounding area. Train driver here : yes that’s excatly that. It’s done when needed (can be triggered or interrupted manually too) I feel that it’s important to mention that automotive Anti-lock brakes systems (ABS) do not work by throwing sand down in front of a car’s tires. It’s for uphill traction. It actually reduces efficiency but that’s worth it if means you successfully get up the hill. On commuter rail, the sanding system is like the Anti-lock Brakes system in a car. If you’re in a “spin or slide condition,” the train will sense that and deploy sand to aid in traction. Doing so helps avoid flat spots on wheels that can start forming when the wheels slide rather than turn. This is a problem when those flat spots are hammering into the rail itself and can cause damage from the beating it will give it. Hijacking top comment but: the sanders are used for when we get wheel slip due to wet or snowy rail, they arent used every time we get a train moving. Even going uphill, in warm and dry conditions, sand generally isn’t needed.
Side note, wheels won’t flatten from spinning (wheel slip). Sand also won’t prevent a wheel skid (caused by over braking) since that requires releasing the poster-duke-blue-devils-mens-basketball-win-85-65-alabama-final-score-2025-final-four-san-antonio-t-shirt-mens-t-shirtzw in other words I will buy this brakes to achieve. Sand won’t overcome the locomotive brakes. Edit: should have mentioned… sand is used when stopping, to prevent wheel slip in the locomotive brakes, but once the wheel are skidding, it’s too late. Dude thanks for taking the time. Had no clue about the sand. Definitely one of the most interesting facts I’ve learned in a while and I love to learn. The sand isn’t really the most interesting thing… look up dynamic brakes. A modern locomotive is a diesel engine turning a huge generator that makes power for electric motors at each wheel. Because of this, we can basically reverse the polarity in those motors going down the track and use them to slow the train through a process almost like “reverse thrust”. This creates a lot of energy though as your motors are now generators instead. The locomotive has no where to store that energy like a Prius using regenerative braking though… so the energy is routed to a heat grid on the roof and cooked off into the atmosphere as heat. Cool system, and very handy.. but so much wasted energy potential.

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Manual sanding is also a constant thing while climbing hills because you are at 0.4 hpt on a 1% grade or something similarly stupid. Edit: Our sanders come on every time the poster-duke-blue-devils-mens-basketball-win-85-65-alabama-final-score-2025-final-four-san-antonio-t-shirt-mens-t-shirtzw in other words I will buy this hoghead starts moving the units, just for a few seconds, but they come on every time, even when the sanders are mt. Yes, I do work at Certainly No Rush… but we run a 0.6 and on train with an average of a 0.4 grade. Sure the sanders might come on for a split second even on dry track, but that article is making is sound like the sanders run nearly 24/7, which is what I was debunking. Note: man, been a loooong time since I heard the teem hoghead. This new generation of railroader have all forgotten it. Thanks for this. Not relevant to the topic but I will ask anyway because not everyday does one interact with a railroader. Are rack railways (where the rails have ‘teeth’ and the wheels have cogs) for steeper inclines still exist. And why do trains use steel wheels on a steel track? Aren’t there more efficient material design options (considering friction, slip, costs etc) Sand is for traction and doesn’t remove efficiency it improves tractive effort and rail adhesion. When going up hills or even flats, sand is used to make sure the wheels don’t slip while putting out a lot of tractive effort at slow speeds. Source: I’ve held the sand button while praying that my 20k ton train doesn’t stall on a 1.5% grade because we are maxed out on hpt going 0.1 mph.
Oh the poster-duke-blue-devils-mens-basketball-win-85-65-alabama-final-score-2025-final-four-san-antonio-t-shirt-mens-t-shirtzw in other words I will buy this vid I watched said it was for acceleration and braking friction and can be helpful for all 3 scenarios, up hill, down hill, and flat Not exclusively, though though it’s true that trucks have superceded short haul steep incline trains to a significant extent In Railroad Tycoon? Build a loop over the bus lanes of your competitor and repeatedly run over his buses to bankrupt him. I reckon it’s the Practical Engineering channel, he did a video on train wheels recently Anyone that played a Railroad Tycoon of some kind or their indie spinoffs knows that a station has to have a sand tower next to the water tower. One of the hosts on the Weekly Planet podcast is a tram driver in his day-to-day life, whenever a tram is featured in a movie or tv show his co-host is like “was it a good tram? Did they show the sand brake?” Lol The movie Emperor of the North has a scene where some hobos grease the rails and the train discharges sand to get traction. Exactly where I saw it. And I got the movie recommendation from r/movies when somebody mentioned a disturbing scene that shocked them as a kid. Wasn’t you, was it?
Not me. I remember watching it on late night TV when I was a teenager. My parents must have gone away for the poster-duke-blue-devils-mens-basketball-win-85-65-alabama-final-score-2025-final-four-san-antonio-t-shirt-mens-t-shirtzw in other words I will buy this weekend because it was on after midnight. Fun fact, this is how you move a locomotive with wheels than can’t turn – you grease the rails and slide it along. Back in the age of steam, some locomotives needed their running gear inspected while it was in motion, so they greased the tracks to let the wheels spin in place (without causing excess wear) Short story involving Ernest Borgnine… I saw a film years ago and couldn’t find the name of it, I must have searched for years to find it again… Then I saw his face in some random film and realised it was him in it. Found the film, The Last Great Ride. Also discovered there’s two versions; one where the dog narrates everything, and one where it doesn’t. If you’ve ever heard the expression, “He didn’t have the sand to do it,” this is the origin. I first heard it on the Andy Griffith Show.
Well, every time I fell behind I could not get ahead I wish someone would pull the poster-duke-blue-devils-mens-basketball-win-85-65-alabama-final-score-2025-final-four-san-antonio-t-shirt-mens-t-shirtzw in other words I will buy this lever And give me a little sand And every time I slip behind Even further back I wish some switch man would come out of the fog And change my track Wish I was a freight train, baby Wish I was a diesel locomotive I’d come whistling down your track Crashing in your door I know trams are a little different, but the C-Class trams they have in Melbourne, Australia are a lighter than other trams. Every single of the 36 trams have derailed over the years Snow, no (too soft) but ice, yes. Many places spread grit ( a mixture of salt and sand) on icey roads. Salt to melt the ice, sand to get traction. Absolutely! It would be salt instead, and a lot more. Fun fact, if you’re stuck in sand, pour about 3 bottles of water right at the tires, wait a few mins and you’ll be out with no issue. It works for cars in the desert so you know it works. Will be quite helpful if you get stuck at the beach! When i was very young there were these vhs tapes that were like educational for kids and i remember one about trains that talked about the sand in the wheels. I used to love that video vut completely forgot about it so thank you for the memories I drive freight trains. Makes a shockingly big difference when grinding up steep hills at slow speed. (sub 10mph). Can literally be the difference between making it or stalling.
Trams/streetcars have these too, especially the poster-duke-blue-devils-mens-basketball-win-85-65-alabama-final-score-2025-final-four-san-antonio-t-shirt-mens-t-shirtzw in other words I will buy this ones that have to operate relatively steep hills for railed vehicles, if you ever see a random pile of sand on the floor near the trucks/bogies it’s because someone was a bit sloppy while loading the hoppers. Non-train person, wouldnt the little grains of sand act like ball bearings? Or is it that they’d be crushed into SUCH a fine powder that it winds up making both surfaces smooth so thats how they grip each other better? The sand is crushed 100% and allows for something that has almost no friction to have a lot more of it. Sand makes it much easier to start and stop moving. It does get quite fine, but still acts as friction rather than a ball bearing. However, if there are other causes of fatigue in the rail or wheel, then this can result in cracks. The micro sand can enter these cracks, as well as oil or other substances, and cause severe damage to the steel, significantly reducing the life of the equipment.
This is why sand is used only as required, grinding of rails and lathing of wheels occurs, and why lubricants are only used in some areas (ie to reduce noise) the poster-duke-blue-devils-mens-basketball-win-85-65-alabama-final-score-2025-final-four-san-antonio-t-shirt-mens-t-shirtzw in other words I will buy this sand is crushed into jagged fragments (and eventually powder) under the wheels, it isn’t used long enough to turn into “smooth” fragments. Excessive sand could cause issues, but that is quickly resolved by excess sand being pushed out of the way until traction is regained. In some of the trams in Melbourne, you can actually see the sand from inside. There’s a clear plastic window in the cabin that’s meant to help the driver gauge how much sand it left. I work freight rail and have had to use the sanders quite often, especially up hills when our TPA is just at limits for the grade we are on. It’s been a lifesaver. Cresting hills at 2 miles an hour is a butthole puckering experience, though.
Also for traction on hills. A locomotive might have eight or more drive wheels, but it’s pulling a few dozen cars with eight unpowered wheels per car. Sometimes they need all the poster-duke-blue-devils-mens-basketball-win-85-65-alabama-final-score-2025-final-four-san-antonio-t-shirt-mens-t-shirtzw in other words I will buy this help they can get. You may notice that trains are super heavy and quite long. The sand essentially scrapes whatever ever is causing the slip off the rail head so that gravity can get back to doing its thing. Aaah, so it clears the track rather than add a friction surface? Makes sense as I feel like perfect steel wheels on a perfect track is probably the best friction. The simplest answer is that it creates an abrasive contact to reduce wheel slip. That guy is wrong. Rub two butter knives together, then add a layer of sandpaper between them and see which one gives you more friction. Multiply that by 200 tons of downward pressure and that’s how it works.
Why is it that sand on metal seems to me to be the poster-duke-blue-devils-mens-basketball-win-85-65-alabama-final-score-2025-final-four-san-antonio-t-shirt-mens-t-shirtzw in other words I will buy this opposite of traction-increasing — isn’t it like putting down little ball bearings and making it more slippery? Maybe it depends on the type of sand? The sand is not perfectly smooth like ball bearings, and it gets crushed (so even if it was round, it doesn’t matter, weight of the train crushes it down) into jagged fragments which increase friction. So there are bacteria that can turn sand into sand stone. Could you create train tracks across a desert by getting them to make rails? No, it doesn’t build up to that degree. Except maybe trams in cities, but those get swept up by the road cleaners. The sand essentially turns to dust and blows away after contact with the wheels due to the trains weight so it would take thousands of years to even see some slight layer of dusty sand. Look, maglevs are very cool and all, but they’re not going to replace thousands upon thousands of miles of primarily freight rail throughout North America. Their high speed would require fairings around the usually used fright containers so air resistance not messes everything up. They also use a lot of energy to be fast. Which is something acceptable for transporting people but most fright isn’t time critical, so slow and less energy is prefered.
Can you describe rail adhesion? How about tractive effort? Do you know what hpt is? How about grade and curvature? Wheel slip, maybe? So you didn’t read the poster-duke-blue-devils-mens-basketball-win-85-65-alabama-final-score-2025-final-four-san-antonio-t-shirt-mens-t-shirtzw in other words I will buy this article. The post title is stupid, the article is about increasing friction for braking. In trams you can see it usually quite openly as the sand level is displayed like this: My local train just shutters as it searches for grip cutting in and out and then we end up with minor cases of whiplash And today I learned the website to which OP linked is for a completely different Valley Metro system than I was expecting. Every now and then r/melbourne gets a post with a photo of the sand box on a tram all “What’s this box of sand for?” The sand holds water. It has to be kept warm in sand houses along the rail. This is so it doesn’t freeze and clump up. Hobos used to sleep on top of the sand and pretend they were on the beach. Imagine how nice that would be if you were homeless during the winter. We have it on some trucks & lorries here up-north as well. If a hill is icy and you can’t get traction, push a button and the sanders activates in front of the driving wheels to give some friction. Good to have so you don’t always have to get out and put chains on, especially for some smaller slopes or slope starts.
Does this affect the poster-duke-blue-devils-mens-basketball-win-85-65-alabama-final-score-2025-final-four-san-antonio-t-shirt-mens-t-shirtzw in other words I will buy this lifecycle of the wheels or the tracks? I would imagine using such an abrasive medium on metal would wear it down I recall hearing this mentioned in a couple of the early Thomas the Tank Engine episodes. I think there’s one where Edward was struggling during a storm. How they get started from a complete stop has some interesting mechanisms as well. I enjoyed this video about it and it also covers the sand with visuals. Might be a silly question but will the amount of sand ejecteddepend on the weight of the railway cars (ie: if they are fully loaded or empty). The train is so heavy that the sand is crushed into dust and is whisked away. It would take thousands of years to see even a slight layer of dust. TIL I learned the reason I could drop sand in train simulator during the brief window I played it over a decade ago. I don’t know if their was a tutorial that explained using it but if there was, I obviously didn’t play it lol. Random fact: My three year old son insists i read the Thomas the Tank Engine story ‘Bowled Out’ to him every night. For some reason, it’s his favourite book, and i’ve read it so many times that i can recite the whole thing from memory. The reason why i’m compelled to tell you this? In this story two smaller trains put sand on the rails for this exact purpose to help them set off when they’re made to pull the express line. Those old Thomas books have taught me way too many things about the ways trains actually work.
Imagine designing a smaller version of this and attaching it to cars in areas that are constantly dealing with ice/snow. I also saw the poster-duke-blue-devils-mens-basketball-win-85-65-alabama-final-score-2025-final-four-san-antonio-t-shirt-mens-t-shirtzw in other words I will buy this setup in one of the New Orleans transit streetcars. They also switch the seat backs to the other side instead of turning around. Yup. I’m a locomotive pipefitter and one of my areas of responsibility is the sanding system. It’s extra fun when the sand in the sandbox gets wet and we have to deal with it. And each stock has a particular type of sand. If you have the wrong sand the train can’t be pur into service (UK). If the sand is contaminated it doesn’t work properly. Engineers can manually sand but modern locomotives will do the sanding automatically when the wheels start slipping. Typically sanding occurs when the train begins moving but also occurs when the wheels start slipping while moving and during emergency braking. Locomotives cannot depart a repair terminal with defective sanders as it is an important part of the operation of the train. For many years, railways would actually fit the rim of train wheels with a solid steel “tire”, which provided an extra layer of protection for the wheel from wear and tear. Wheels, especially the large ones on steam locomotives, were expensive to replace in their entirety and so the tires were important. wait til you learn that train cars don’t have wheels. like they are not mechanically connected, they just rest on them with bearings.
I currently remote work for a company in Sweden I am a digital artist for a game studio, and I am in Spain (as national) right now, as I said, working remote. While most people work from Europe, we have at least one person I can think of, and is part of the poster-duke-blue-devils-mens-basketball-win-85-65-alabama-final-score-2025-final-four-san-antonio-t-shirt-mens-t-shirtzw in other words I will buy this team, who works from Mexico. I was considering to introduce work-life balance more. I can likely work from anywhere, I just need a laptop and a wacom stylus and a small extra monitor. My idea is to go and work from Sri Lanka, surf and take photos in the morning, skate, and then work the rest of the day. Do you recommend I ask my employer first? Or just… buy ticket, travel and say nothing and work as usual? What have been your experiences?User avatar
Only do this if you’re comfortable with being canned if they find out, and possibly burning bridges with the poster-duke-blue-devils-mens-basketball-win-85-65-alabama-final-score-2025-final-four-san-antonio-t-shirt-mens-t-shirtzw in other words I will buy this people at said company. I doubt they’d fire you straight away – unless you’re dealing with some government or finance, confidential data that has to e.g. stay within a company network, geographical boundaries of a country etc. or everyone’s gonna lose their shit. Just play stupid, plausible deniability and all, and make sure you have enough stashed out to possibly be able to do a quick 180° and go back home if needed. As someone who works in IT, there’s quite a lot of things that we notice that we just turn the other cheek on, because if we didn’t, we wouldn’t have jobs and neither would anyone else.
IT are the poster-duke-blue-devils-mens-basketball-win-85-65-alabama-final-score-2025-final-four-san-antonio-t-shirt-mens-t-shirtzw in other words I will buy this only people who are gonna notice and they are far too busy to give a shit. Make it easy for IT and they’ll make it easy for you. Nah, some of you guys work for companies that really like to stick their nose into what’s none of their business. There are businesses/industries where I can see the point of having to be local – onsite, or at least working from the same city/country (again: government stuff, infosec, some finance etc.), but in a lot of other roles it really isn’t anyone’s business where you are, and especially any company’s business – in particular, if somebody’s digital nomading but making sure they don’t get kicked out of their country’s tax system etc. which effectively means they just take extended holiday but the work performance, delivery, rhythm of work etc. is preserved and there’s no way to really find out unless you start snooping on IP addresses and what not. Some companies don’t even look into that and don’t trace those things, I’d say in most businesses they wouldn’t do, and they only would if it was an issue fundamental to operations/risk aversion – e.g., again, data security, military stuff, and so on.
Even less interest they should have, IMO, if it’s B2B. They should just be interested in whether the poster-duke-blue-devils-mens-basketball-win-85-65-alabama-final-score-2025-final-four-san-antonio-t-shirt-mens-t-shirtzw in other words I will buy this work is gonna get done, well, and how much it costs. If it’s done by me in my country, by me in India, or I’ll subcontract this to some guy in India – again, who tf should care unless it’s confidential data that should be protected and safeguarded by any responsible employee/contractor. Conversely, a lot of companies will dismiss you if you provide the information about being remote (or wanting to be remote) from the get-go, because, unless you’re heavily specialised and there’s shortage of supply of your skills/expertise, a lot of times the general approach would be to find reasons to not work with someone than to work with someone.

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1. Length is measured from the highest point on the collar down to the bottom hem. 2. Width is measured across the body of the shirt under the armpits, one way. 3. Sleeves are measured from center back to hem.